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People infected with TB bacteria have a 5–10% lifetime risk of falling ill with TB. A person needs to inhale only a few of these germs to become infected.Ībout one-quarter of the world's population has a TB infection, which means people have been infected by TB bacteria but are not (yet) ill with the disease and cannot transmit it.

When people with lung TB cough, sneeze or spit, they propel the TB germs into the air. TB is spread from person to person through the air. Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) that most often affect the lungs.

Ending the TB epidemic by 2030 is among the health targets of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

There was an 8.7% decline in spending between 20 (from US$ 5.8 billion to US$ 5.3 billion), with TB funding in 2020 back to the level of 2016.

Spending in 2020 amounted to US$ 5.3 billion less than half (41%) of the global target.

Funding in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) that account for 98% of reported TB cases falls far short of what is needed.

By 2022, US$ 13 billion is needed annually for TB prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care to achieve the global target agreed at the UN high level-meeting on TB in 2018.

The world did not reach the milestone of 0% TB patients and their households facing catastrophic costs as a result of TB disease by 2020.

Globally, close to one in two TB-affected households face costs higher than 20% of their household income, according to latest national TB patient cost survey data.

An estimated 66 million lives were saved through TB diagnosis and treatment between 20.

This was over half way to the End TB Strategy milestone of 20% reduction between 20.

Globally, TB incidence is falling at about 2% per year and between 20 the cumulative reduction was 11%.Only about one in three people with drug resistant TB accessed treatment in 2020. Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) remains a public health crisis and a health security threat.In 2021, the 30 high TB burden countries accounted for 87% of new TB cases.Child and adolescent TB is often overlooked by health providers and can be difficult to diagnose and treat. In 2021, 1.2 million children fell ill with TB globally.TB is present in all countries and age groups. Six million men, 3.4 million women and 1.2 million children. In 2021, an estimated 10.6 million people fell ill with tuberculosis(TB) worldwide.Worldwide, TB is the 13th leading cause of death and the second leading infectious killer after COVID-19 (above HIV/AIDS). A total of 1.6 million people died from TB in 2021 (including 187 000 people with HIV).